Principle And Technical Analysis Of Solar Heat Pump
heat pump technology is a new energy-saving cooling heating technology, has long been mainly used heating buildings Air conditioning Area. Heat pump system for energy saving and environmental protection in the good performance of the sanitary hot water supply systems are also more and more as the heat source heat pump equipment [2]. Which the outdoor air as heat source of air source heat pump, a simple structure, no special rooms, convenient installation, hot water supply in the health irreplaceable advantages, in addition to the larger air-source heat pump hot water system, now small number of brands of household air source heat pump Water heater Also on the market. However, one of the main air source heat pump heating capacity and heating drawback is that the coefficient of performance decrease as the outdoor temperature decreases, so its use is restricted by environmental temperature, generally applies to the lowest temperature of -10 above areas [3] .
The heat pump technology combined with solar domestic hot water supply, domestic and foreign for a lot of research in this area are mainly two methods for a direct air-source heat pump as an auxiliary heating equipment, solar systems, the other is use of solar water heating for the low-temperature heat source or the solar collector as a heat pump evaporator solar heat pump system. The former mainly solar heat directly to air-source heat pump, giving the solar heating of the continuous problem to solve, but still can not get rid of environmental temperature on the thermal performance of heat pump system; the latter entirely to solar energy as heat source heat pump, solar energy has greatly enhanced use efficiency, but is insufficient solar energy resources still need to add other auxiliary heat source and heat pump heating capacity constraints by the solar heat collector, generally small scale.
In large solar central hot water system, air-source heat pump is undoubtedly an ideal auxiliary heating equipment, in order to improve the air source heat pump in heating operation under low temperature performance, and expand its use area, with domestic Solar heat pump outside the advanced experience of the study, we developed a low-temperature environments for solar? heat pump central hot water system. The system uses a novel low-temperature solar-assisted air-source heat pump and solar heating system combines solar and heat pump each other auxiliary heat source, to maximize the use of solar energy to solve rainy weather and low winter temperature is insufficient solar energy resources hot water supply guarantee rate, this year’s total, all-weather hot water supply.
1 Solar? Heat pump central hot water system components
1.1 solar? Heat pump central hot water system basically consists of
Solar? Heat pump central hot water system as the main component of solar collectors and solar assisted air-source heat pump units, and other auxiliary equipment and the same conventional central heating system, including solar loop pump, hot water heating loop pump , heat exchanger, hot water tank and controller.
1.2 solar assisted air source heat pump units
1.2.1 solar assisted air-source heat pump works
Order to air source heat pump efficiency at low temperature environment, stable and reliable operation, foreign and domestic research institutes and production enterprises in the development and improvement, summarized in three ways. One is to rely on outside heat pump auxiliary heat source to enhance the thermal performance of low temperature, for example, by heating the water temperature to improve thermal heat pump system, auxiliary heating with burner outdoor heat exchanger installed in the compressor around the PCM to increase the low temperature heating run output, etc.; Second, by improving the refrigerant circulatory system to improve low-temperature heat pump heating performance, such as dual-stage compression of air source heat pump, set the middle of qi and other air source heat pump loop; third frequency converter system , high-speed work under low temperature conditions to increase the compressor working fluid circulation rate, while the working chamber to the compressor spray to prevent overheating, so that heat pump unit to normal operation.
Solar assisted air-source heat pump is based on the first approach generated, shown in Figure 2. Evaporator in the unit adds a secondary heat exchanger. Heat pump heating in low temperature run-time, higher than the ambient temperature of the solar hot water flowing through the auxiliary heat exchanger, and will enter the evaporator to the outdoor air heat exchange to improve its temperature, so that the refrigerant at a relatively high environmental in evaporation, evaporation temperature increases, improved working conditions of the compressor.
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