Recessed light
History
The earliest recessed lights were developed around the early 1940s.
Types of housing
In North America, recessed housings generally fall into one of four categories.
IC or nsulation contact rated new construction housings are attached to the ceiling supports before the ceiling surface is installed. If the area above the ceiling is accessable these fixtures may also be installed from wiithin the attic space. IC housings must be installed wherever insulation will be in direct contact with the housing. Most IC housings are rated to a 75-watt maximum.
Non-IC rated new construction housings are used in the same situations as the IC rated new construction housings, only they require that there be no contact with insulation and at least 3″/7.5 cm spacing from insulation. These housings are typically rated up to 150 watts.
IC rated remodel housings are used in existing ceilings where insulation will be present and in contact with the fixture.
Non-IC rated remodel housings are used for existing ceilings where, ideally, no insulation is present. However, these also require that there be no contact with insulation and at least 3/7.5cm spacing from insulation. Sloped-ceiling housings are available for both insulated and non-insulated ceilings that are vaulted.
The main feature of the housing is to ensure that no flammable materials come into contact with the hot lighting fixture. Badly-housed downlights can be a fire hazard, though all newer ones contain a self reseting thermal switch for safety.
The housings come in various sizes based on the diameter of the circular opening where the lamp is installed. The most commonly used sizes are 4, 5 and 6 inches in diameter, with 4 inch IC New Construction units less readily available at present. Smaller housings (2 and 3 inch) are also available for specialized uses.
The housing can also be “Air Tight”, which means it will not allow air to escape into the ceiling or attic, thus reducing heating and cooling costs.
Trim styles
Recessed lighting styles have evolved with more manufacturers creating quality trims for a variety of applications. You can find recessed lighting trim with the standard baffle in black or white, which is the most popular. They are made to absorb extra light and create a crisp architectural appearance. There are cone trims which produce a low-brightness aperture. Multipliers are offered which are designed to control the omni-directional light from “A” style incandescent light bulbs and compact fluorescents. Lens trim is designed to provide a diffused light and protect the lamp. Lensed trims are normally found in wet locations.
The luminous trims combine the diffused quality of lensed trim but with an open down light component. Adjustable trim allows for the adjustment of the light whether it is eyeball style, which protrudes from the trim or gimbal ring style, which adjusts inside the recess. These lights allow for full versatility. Lastly, there are the wall-washer trims, which are designed to eliminate the often seen “scalloped light effect”.
Lamp types
There are two types of light bulbs for recessed lighting: directional and diffuse. Directional lamps (R, BR, PAR, MR) contain reflectors that direct and control the light. Diffuse lamps (A, S, PS, G) control light distribution through their omni-directional light.
Categories: LightingHidden categories: Articles needing additional references from December 2006 | All articles needing additional references
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