Sustainable fishing methods
Red meat has often been indicted for the large number of cardiovascular diseases in persons. In the past years there has been a better understanding of the benefits of white meat especially fish. It is often recommended by doctors as a better and less harmful diet as compared to processed red meat. Besides the health aspects, there are environmental costs of processing red meat. Livestock require large tracts of land and grazing grounds which have a negative impact on the environment. Therefore mankind is increasingly looking at the ocean to fulfill its food requirements. However the fishing methods must be sustainable or else it will the story of overexploitation of resources once again.
A large part of human population depends upon fish as its primary source of food and in particular protein needs. Most of the island nations and coastal regions depend heavily upon fish as a major source of food. However the West can take cue from nations like Japan and Vietnam who has evolved sustainable forms of fishing which fulfills the food requirement and at the same time also impacts the environment in the least possible way.
One of the main reasons for environmentally unsustainable form of fishing is the dependence of the population on a few species of fish. Most countries in the west prefer some forms of fishes like Salmon, Cod and Tuna. This leads to the overexploitation of the oceans and along with these fishes a large number of other fishes are also caught which are often killed in the process of fishing. Modern fish catching methods like dredging , trawling , long lining etc cause irreparable damage to the delicate ecology of the oceans. Overfishing has brought the population of turtles, manatees, otters and sea lions to the dangerous levels of extinction.
For sustainable methods of catching fish we should take cue from countries like those in South East Asia and the pacific islands. The population in these regions eats a wide variety of fishes which ensures that the population levels of different species are maintained at sustainable levels and there is no incidence of overfishing. The people in these regions eat a wide range of fish depending upon the season. Trawlers are equipped with special nets which allow the smaller and the younger fishes to escape. Certain times of the year catching fish are prohibited especially during the spawning period which allows the ocean to replenish its stocks. In many regions of the Atlantic, certain fishes have been driven to the extent of extinction primarily because of overexploitation. Modern technology like remote sensing which identifies large moving schools of fish has also contributed to overfishing.
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