Drug Screening and changes affect the global pharmaceutical market – pharmaceutical market – pharmaceutical industries
Over the years, the global focus on R & D Pharmaceutical companies On the faster and better develop the technology for clinical drugs are very interested, and whom continue to work very hard. Unfortunately, the discovery process was considered to be more reasonable and more effective technology is not able to achieve its original vision. The fact is, despite the annual increase in the cost of drug development, but the real into the market without a commensurate number of new products known for. This makes a number of pharmaceutical companies have to rethink the way what kind of screening new drugs, while considering whether to intervene directly to the development of the whole process.
High-throughput screening of Solomon Until the mid 90s of last century, the main mode of drug discovery by high throughput screening (HTS). Be regarded as the original high-throughput screening of various heavy pharmacological activity in vitro and in vivo experiments a reasonable alternative, which is heavily dependent on liquid handling robotic devices, automation Testing Equipment And computer control to study the new interest in biological target molecules and the interactions between. And high-throughput screening is used to match the so-called combinatorial chemistry.
Combinatorial chemistry method excludes the study of individual compounds the traditional method, and replaced the same time hundreds or even thousands of laboratory studies were synthesized and stored in a large database of compounds. The emergence of combinatorial chemistry method, gave birth to the birth of new companies, these companies only mission is to create a combinatorial library, and then transferred to a drug discovery company, for those companies interested in screening the target. Therefore, if there is no high-throughput screening technology, can not be such a huge number of compounds screened, the application of high throughput screening process to further promote the development of other aspects of progress.
Is worth mentioning that the completion of human genome projects, technological advances, such as more compact (from the original 96-well plates, grown to 384,1536 and even 456 well plates), but also help maintain the HTS as a major drug discovery technology power. Other technological advances (including a new sense of technology) such as quantitative protein drug candidates, when combined with changes in the differential scanning calorimetry or light scattering measurement.
However, looking for new active molecules, the production of high-throughput screening is difficult to cope with the large number of additional data, it is not more than the needle in a haystack. This allows pharmaceutical companies to squeeze them in many high-throughput screening program. For the pharmaceutical industry, possible alternative strategy is to acquire permits and development of similar drugs, but the technical terms are likely to turn high content screening (HCS).
High content drug screening is essentially a simplified method of drug discovery, but it was about whether a particular molecular receptor, or a specific enzyme interaction can be very effective there. For example, receptors and enzymes can not exist in isolation, but they are complex cellular responses and interactions as part of the environment, high content drug screening by using living cells as the basis for drug discovery to address this issue, therefore, this technology is another name is cell-based screening. High-content drug screening defining characteristic is not observed drug candidates at a particular time instant on the subject of the role of a single target, but the use of a single instrument can work in a space and time, number of cells within the tracking process. The process involves a protein changes, such as G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signal transduction, kinase-mediated signal transduction and ion channel signal transduction. For example, GPCR activation can stimulate them into the cell. As mentioned earlier, this process is visible, thus, provides a specific and objective measure of the efficiency of drug candidates.
Cell electrolysis spectrum rivalry
Although the original high-content drug screening using the fluorescent determination of identification, other technologies such as cell electrolysis spectrum determined the emergence of certain processes to provide better choice. It does not require agents or other types of fluorescent markers for cell marking, and can also detect a number of cell signaling channel. At present, this technology is relatively low flux limit for the occasion, but the equipment manufacturers to increase throughput. In fact, the high content drug screening can also be used for nucleic acid-based processes, such as DNA transcription or RNA interference, as well as cellular processes such as apoptosis, DNA damage repair or cell division occurs. Obviously, these cases require different method. For example, can be assayed for DNA degradation assessment of apoptosis.
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