Grape Micro
Grape Mini Cold Storage Technology
Grape berries fruit, no good storage, more than 70% for fresh, but fresh grape harvest home room temperature, easy weight loss, threshing, rot, therefore, to solve the long-term storage of mechanical refrigeration to extend the effective supply of Methods. Lushan County of Henan Province is now official Chang Ying Town, roller Township in grape planting base of the two storage methods, introduce grape Mini Cold Storage Technique. This technique is simple, easy management, and preservation storage for 6 months, good fruit rate was 98.5%.
1, selection of species
Many table grape varieties, but large differences in storability. In general, early maturing varieties storability is poor, in the maturing second, late-maturing varieties of storability. With cold storage for the longan varieties, Muscat, mare's milk, Kyoho 2 fruit, red earth, black big grain, Autumn Black, Ray will Haier.
Second, storage methods and techniques of
1. Treasury sterilization and cooling
In the grape into the storage 2 to 3 days before the Treasury for two full, comprehensive and thorough disinfection. First paired with the active ingredient of formalin solution (formaldehyde) 1% solution, or 40% of the fresh lime water storage in the database to conduct a comprehensive disinfection; then 10 ~ 20 g / m?; Of the sulfur powder was sealed fumigation, after 8 to 10 hours to; libraries into the storage temperature two days before the fruit fell to -2 .
2. Preservation of materials to prepare
(1) Packaging. Grape storage using 4 kg of load following, put a layer of fresh fruit boxes. The current specifications used in the production of 37 cm × 27 × 17 cm, 36 cm × 26 × 16 centimeters, etc., the material has a wooden box, cardboard boxes and plastic boxes, good insulation properties of polystyrene board foam containers in transit more popular.
(2) bags. Grape specific use PVC or PE bags. PVC Bag the bag difficult to be around 1 month in advance to buy. Bagging before the grapes on the bags to leak testing and experiments, leakage of the bag to use transparent tape glue, to ensure that the use of the bag does not leak. Otherwise it will result in increased fruit decay.
(3) preservative. Cold storage of grapes used for the SO2 preservative agents. Production is mainly used SM, SPM preservative, CT preservatives, dosage 1 to 2 per kg. More sensitive species on SO2, the composite preservative, such as butylamine.
3. Grapes before storage of agricultural technical measures
(1) fertilization. Grapes mature before the main phosphate and potassium fertilizer, and control the fertilizer to increase the sugar content and storability of grapes.
(2) irrigation. Grapes before harvest in 10 to 15 days to stop the orchard irrigation. If the rain before harvest should be delayed harvest, and timely drainage.
(3) production control. For the storage of grape production should be controlled at around 22,500 kg per hectare, the output can be cut twigs, sparse grains and other measures to control, it will ensure that grapes uniform particle size, good quality, storage and transportation.
(4) prevention and control diseases in the fruit began to beg for color, the Spray every 10 to 15 days a faded special bacteria 800 times, 800 times carbendazim or Sai Ouse 600 ~ 800 ~ 100 times.
(5) spray hormone. To prevent grain during storage and maintenance of the Falling Stem fresh, in 15 ~ 45 days before harvest spraying B9, 2000 ~ 4000 mg / kg, or 15 days before harvest fresh green pigment spraying 60 to 100 mg / kg, or 3 days before harvest spraying of NAA 50 to 100 mg / kg + GA 1 mg / kg.
4. Harvesting and postharvest handling
For the storage of the grapes to fully mature in the sunny morning or evening dew dry harvested; harvested grape disease should be immediately cut off, blue, small mechanical injury of the fruit, gently placed across the liner PVC or PE bags of fresh grapes dedicated box. Packing should be immediately transported to cold storage after pre-cooling. Received from the adoption of pre-cooling to 12 hours is appropriate, the faster the better.
Be careful when harvesting, transport storage packing in the harvesting process to gently, to avoid or reduce the bump, compression, friction, vibration caused damage. Do not harvest fruit and finger touch down box.
5. Rapid pre-cooling and storage
After the grapes delivered to open the bag in the refrigerator -1 ~ -2 under the conditions of pre-cooling, so the grapes as soon as body temperature decreased, while body temperature decreased to 0 , the preservative into the bag, maintained at 85% humidity 95%, less than 85% would Stem water loss, oxygen concentration maintained at 2% to 5%. Then tie the bag, for sealing, -0.5 ± 0.5 in the long-term storage conditions. (Preservative should be placed on the middle ear, not on the bottom, surface, etc., can not and plastic contact)
6. Storage Management
(1) temperature management.
Cold storage temperature should be maintained at -0.5 ± 0.5 and stable equilibrium, bank temperature difference can not exceed 1 . To reduce the temperature difference between the various parts, stacking should pay attention to: stacking method should be "goods" type prevail, it is a good air circulation, stacks and stacks and stacks and the walls between the between the stack and the roof to stay between have a certain gap or channel, and channels between the stacks and stacks with the direction parallel to the direction of air circulation. Palletizing 5000 kg Yi Duo. Close to the fan, air supply tube with a blanket coverage of grapes. Database using an accuracy of 1 / 5 to 1 / 10 of the mercury thermometer temperature.
(2) ventilation. In the library inside and outside air temperature difference is smaller. When the outside temperature difference (as rain or fog) without ventilation.
(3) there is mildew on grapes in time when processing or marketing.
C, grape storage process
cut harvest rotting grain, pellets, tablets injury field directly into PE or PVC storage bag lined box, the same grapes into preservative pre-cooling 0 ~ -1 12 ~ 24 hours) into the thermostat plastic wrap and seal bag, sealing storage (-0.5 ± 0.5 ).
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