China should be how to take the road of the world's factory
21st Century China's peaceful rise will have a major impact throughout the world. However, how the rise of China, it is benevolent see benevolence and the wise see wisdom of. U.S. scholars Aodai De? Shenkar, "China's Century" on the issue of the thought-provoking discussion, it is worth every attention to China's future business and personal read.
As most scholars agree, the rise of China's hope is to become the factory of the world. It should be said, we in agriculture, high technology and services lack comparative advantage. The present and future time perspective, advantages are still in manufacturing. As the author said: "Up to now, China in many industries, especially in those labor-intensive industries, is still in the leading position worldwide." We manufacture 70% of the world of toys, 60% bike, 50% shoes, 1 / 3 bags, 1 / 2 in the microwave, 1 / 3 of the TV and air conditioning, 1 / 4 of the washing machine and 1 / 5 of the refrigerator. These figures show that in any country, any of a shopping center on the shelves, I am afraid can not find products made in China. This fact shows the advantage of Chinese manufacturing, but also we will be the factory of the world as the basis for short-term objectives.
However, we should be how to take the world's factory this route? United States, Japan, South Korea have gone through this path, we have followed the footsteps of the point they do? This is the view of Wharton's book is valuable, this author does not think China should take. These countries are labor-intensive products start to start, then gradually phase out these industries, to capital-intensive or technology-intensive products. He said: "Japan and South Korea is different is that the time when China continues to develop, it will not give up that part of labor-intensive industries, on the contrary, it will be integrated in the labor-intensive industries and medium-tech industries in the advantage of the drive the future development of knowledge-intensive world economy, the main areas of investment promotion. "
I think this strategy is in line with China the world factory conditions. China should go hi-tech manufacturing, improve research capacity, to master the core technology to establish their own intellectual property and create their own brands, these should be, and also the direction of our efforts. For this, no one objection. The question is how to deal with labor-intensive industries, many people believe that the development of labor-intensive industries, only the measure, the early stages of development in the manufacturing sector has had to of. As the manufacturing industry, we should also like the developed countries, these industries to the more backward countries, we offer high-end manufacturing industries. Author's point of view with these people different, he advocated drive-intensive, capital intensive and technology-intensive simultaneously. I also appreciated this approach.
Considerable period of time China can not abandon labor-intensive industries is determined by our national conditions. This is first and foremost we are a large population, labor is extremely rich. Our economic development to improve the welfare of all, we must solve the employment problem of over one billion. Employment in our country is always a major event. Labor-intensive industries is an important industry of employment, we can not give up. Should also be noted that we still have low-cost labor-intensive industry advantage. Although we are faced with the problem of labor shortage, but this does not mean that China's labor shortage, but salaries are too low. Can be expected, when the labor force due to improve wages, the labor shortage will eliminate. Although with the economic development and government to strengthen the protection of labor, wages would rise, but as the author points out, the advantages of low cost Chinese labor naturally. Because the United States, Japan, Korea, the Chinese or low wages. Moreover, this situation is difficult because many workers in the short term changes.
Detailed analysis of authors in the development of manufacturing industry in China become the world factory in the strengths which "not only includes unlimited amount of manual workers, but also contains a large number, increasing number of engineers, scientists and skilled technicians," Big China region synergies, China's achievements in aerospace and other high-tech fields, and so on. It is this advantage allows us to labor-intensive industries and capital-and technology-intensive industries to be successful. In this sense, "China will change the business rules of the 21st century." Including the United States should rise as the world factory in China, the process to find their own opportunities for development. On the very image and said: "east, east, then east: there work."
Factory in the world, we have a "spacecraft from socks to" process. That is, we want to keep the labor-intensive industries, but the focus is still relying on technology-driven, if you forget this, the advantage of labor-intensive to lose sooner or later. In this regard, the author recommends that we "catch up with the pace of technological development", "foreign investment lever," "upgrade China's 'human software'", "the technology applied to the enterprise", and so on. Of speech is still quite polite. Specified in the direction of his efforts, is also what the problems. Should be recognized that the way our world is difficult for the factory or large, some quite serious. Only a clear understanding of their problems and take appropriate measures, in the world can take a good road to the factory.
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