7075 Aluminium Alloy
History
The first 7075 was developed by Japanese company Sumitomo Metal in 1936. 7075 was used for the Zero fighter’s air frame of the Imperial Japanese Navy in pre-war times.
Basic properties
Aluminium 7075 has a specific gravity of 2.73 g/cm (0.098 lb/cubic inch).
Mechanical properties
The mechanical properties of 7075 depend greatly on the temper of the material.
7075-O
Un-heat-treated 7075 (7075-O temper) has maximum tensile strength no more than 40,000 psi (276 MPa), and maximum yield strength no more than 21,000 psi (145 MPa). The material has elongation (stretch before ultimate failure) of 9-10%.
7075-T6
7075 tech sheet T6 temper 7075 has an ultimate tensile strength of 74,000 – 78,000 psi (510 – 538 MPa) and yield strength of at least 63,000 – 69,000 psi (434-476 MPa). It has elongation of 5-8%.
7075-T651
T651 temper 7075 has an ultimate tensile strength of at least 67,000 – 78,000 psi (462 – 538 MPa) and yield strength of 54,000 – 67,000 psi (372-462 MPa). It has elongation of 3-9%.
The 51 suffix has no bearing on the mechanical properties but denotes that the material is stress relieved by control stretching.
Uses
7075 is widely used for construction of aircraft structures, such as wings and fuselages. Its strength and light weight are also desirable in other fields. Rock climbing equipment, bicycle components, and hang glider airframes are commonly made from 7075 aluminium alloy. The bicycle industry is also using 7005 and 6061 aluminium alloys. Hobby grade R/C’s commonly use 7075-T6 and 6061 for chassis plates. One interesting use for 7075 is in the manufacture of M16 rifles for the American military. It is also commonly used in shafts for lacrosse sticks.
Due to its strength, low density, thermal properties and its polishability 7075 is widely used in mould tool manufacture. This alloy has been further refined into other 7000 series alloys for this application namely 7050 and 7020.
Trade names
7075 has been sold under various trade names including Zicral, Ergal and Fortal Constructal.
Some 7000 series alloys sold under brand names for making moulds include Alumec 79, Alumec 89, Contal, Certal, Alumould, and Hokotol.
References
^ JAPAN ALUMINIUM ASSOCIATION (Japanese)
^ Alcoa 7075 data sheet (pdf), accessed October 13, 2006
^ Aluminum Information at aircraftspruce.com, accessed October 13, 2006
Categories: Aluminium alloys
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